Word: globulins
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...known treatment was effective, but Patient Casals was more fortunate than his predecessors. Nurse Pinneo was convalescing, and there should still be antibodies in her blood. She flew to New York and gave two pints of blood. The cells were returned to her veins; only the plasma, containing gamma globulin with its antibodies, was given to Casals by transfusion. The technique was highly effective; he recovered in a few days...
...adopt Kempe's proposal for a near-total halt to mass vaccination, potent agents for reducing its ravages are already available. One is a safer vaccine that Kempe has devised. Before that, or something like it, comes into general use, doctors can still use a VIG gamma globulin extract, vaccinia immune globulin (VIG), which contains antibodies from recently vaccinated blood donors, to protect the very young and those in poor health who have to be vaccinated. The value of VIG is well established; it has been stocked for years in 15 Red Cross regional blood banks for distribution...
...cells as "self" (part of the same body) or "not self" (invaders to be destroyed). In the presence of "self" cells the lymphoid cells remain passive, but if they detect foreign material, they manufacture antibodies to contain or attack the invader. These antibodies are in the form of gamma globulin particles. Some remain on the surface of the lymphoid cells and circulate with them; others, free-floating, circulate in the blood stream. Both kinds adhere to cells in the foreign tissues of such organs as the transplanted heart. Which type is more important in graft rejection is still debated. What...
Last week Dr. Gerald Edelman and his colleagues at Rockefeller University demonstrated that they were equal to the challenge. They announced that they have successfully deciphered the chemical structure of an entire gamma globulin or antibody molecule, one of the basic defenders against disease in all the higher forms of life...
...Acid. Because these molecules occur in such enormous variety in the body, scientists can rarely get a large quantity of any single antibody from normal individuals. But one form of cancer of the antibody-forming cells, multiple myeloma, causes proliferation of cells that then mass produce a pure gamma globulin that is unique to each patient. From a cooperative myeloma victim, the Rockefeller researchers obtained samples of blood and processed it to extract the globulin antibody. The remaining blood was returned to the donor. In H years, they got what by molecular standards is a huge amount...