Word: gluts
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Dates: during 1950-1959
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...Pakistan-in spite of U.S. military aid-to channel 70% of its budget into defense, little is left for development programs. Floods heavily cut the supply of wheat and rice in the past two years. Cotton is one of Pakistan's major exports, but because of the world glut, sales are down 40%. For lack of foreign exchange to buy raw materials and spare parts, the nation's mills now operate at only 50% capacity...
Many U.S. oilmen cry that the greatest single reason for the U.S. oil glut is foreign oil imported into domestic markets (TIME, Aug. 12). Last week the pressure grew so strong that the U.S. Government pulled in another notch on its voluntary import quotas, cut back imports for the U.S. east of the Rockies by 8.8% (from 782,900 to 713,000 bbl. per day) and ordered Government agencies not to buy oil from importers who fail to comply with the quotas...
Oilmen, who are legitimately optimistic, feel that the glut will eventually solve itself in both U.S. and world markets. Oil demand in the U.S. alone is expected to rise from about 8.5 million to 14.3 million bbl. daily by 1966; the same men compute free-world demand by then at 28.5 million bbl. daily. In 20 years, says William L. Naylor, senior vice president of Gulf Oil Co., the demand for petroleum should increase at least 80%, and perhaps as much as 100%. Yet before oilmen can enjoy this long-term prosperity, they must first solve their short-term problems...
...trouble with shipping is overexpansion coupled with a recession-and the glut of oil (see below). In 1957, tanker operators expanded their fleets by 5,500,000 deadweight tons, or 11%, to 49.6 million tons overall. But free-world oil production-and thus the need for tankers-will increase by 4% or less this year. Result: nearly 3,000,000 tons (6%) of the world's tanker fleet lie idle, and the total may mount to 4,000,000 tons by midsummer...
...Jennings, 59, retires after 37 years with the company. Nickerson, a New Englander who looks like Cinemactor Randolph Scott, came up fast. Graduating from Harvard in 1933, he joined Socony as a service-station attendant, moved up to become a director within 13 years. Despite the current domestic oil glut, he has spoken out strongly for continued imports on the ground that high-cost U.S. producers will be unable to match soaring future demand...