Word: gm
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Dates: during 1990-1999
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...turmoil that grips GM, IBM and other behemoths including Sears and American Express, is more than a matter of size and the inevitable cycles of change. Many giants manage to avoid hardening of the arteries. Du Pont, which is nearly 200 years old, remains an industry leader in synthetic materials. Philip Morris started as a tobacco shop in 1847 but is now a $55 billion-a- year company that sells everything from beer to breakfast cereal. General Electric managed to grow from light bulbs to jet engines, and Motorola from car radios to microchips...
...GM is an example of a firm that grew so rich and powerful that it became oblivious to the signals of changing times. Despite the oil crises of the 1970s and the Japanese challenge of the '80s, GM never put its heart into developing smaller, high-quality cars. It took a new division, Saturn, to develop GM's first winning U.S. small car. "When you're on top of the heap, there's a disdain for change, a disdain for new ideas," says Lawrence Hrebiniak, a professor at the Wharton School. "It just goes with the territory, because...
Byrd's doctors are also treating the athlete with a ganglioside known as GM- 1, which is a molecule that occurs naturally in cell membranes and seems to help nerve cells communicate. Manufactured by an Italian pharmaceutical company, the experimental drug is currently undergoing clinical trials in the U.S. In a small study completed last year, researchers from the Maryland Institute for Emergency Medical Services gave the drug to 34 patients for four weeks after their injury. One year later, seven had improved markedly. The treatment apparently prevented further damage to the white matter in the cord and perhaps...
...GM maintains that the older design is safe, but its own engineers seem to have raised questions about the outboard location as far back as 1970. GM submitted 70,000 pages of internal documents to the NHTSA last week as part of the agency's review of pickup-truck safety. In a memo dated Sept. 7, 1970, safety engineer George Carvil warned of possible fuel leaks in side collisions. "Moving these side tanks inboard," he wrote, "might eliminate most of these potential leakers." An internal memo dated Dec. 15, 1983, by product analyst Richard Monkaba, discussed the company's plan...
...GM contends that the memos are being taken out of context and that the pre- 1988 trucks meet, if not surpass, federal safety standards. For example, GM notes that the trucks passed the traffic-safety administration's 20-m.p.h. side-impact crash tests. In 1980 GM began conducting its own 50-m.p.h. crash tests, even though they are not required by law. Explaining why the tanks were mounted outboard for so long, a high-ranking GM executive points out that exhaust pipes and other mechanisms usually crowd the center of the chassis, leaving little room for a large gas container...