Word: gneisenau
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Dates: during 1940-1949
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...defeat of the Prussians at Jena gave the G.S.C. its first great strategic concepts-the wielding of massive armies and the conscription needed to provide the uniformed mass. Two non-Prussians, calm, scholarly General Gerhard Johann David von Scharnhorst, a Hanoverian, and impetuous, dashing August Wilhelm Anton von Gneisenau, coalesced these concepts. Scharnhorst founded the War Academy, from which Staff officers were chosen, and Gneisenau, as chief of staff of the Prussian army, put the new ideas to work. In Bismarck's time, non-Prussian Helmuth Karl von Moltke made the study of past wars a prime function...
...other major German warships, the 41,000-ton battleship Tirpitz (sister of the lost Bismarck) is still out of action from torpedo hits by British midget subs. The Scharnhorst's sister, Gneisenau; the so-called "pocket battleship" Admiral Scheer; the heavy cruisers Prinz Eugen and Admiral Hipper-all these have been damaged repeatedly by bombs and torpedoes, are of dubious fighting value. The pocket battleship Lutzow was torpedoed in 1941, but may be fit for service again. Despite the catchy description, she is no battleship, but an armored cruiser of around 12,000 tons. For the rest, aside from...
...English Channel last week. The 5,450-ton British cruiser Charybdis was sunk by torpedoes and H.M. destroyer Limbourne, also torpedoed, was later abandoned and sunk by the British. The Germans seemingly got away scot-free in the first major naval engagement in the Channel since the Scharnhorst, Gneisenau and Prinz Eugen fled from Brest past Dover's white cliffs...
Still afloat but of questionable value as fighting ships are the battleship Gneisenau, the pocket battleship Admiral Scheer, the heavy cruisers Prinz Eugen and the Admiral Hipper. Repeatedly damaged by torpedo and air attacks, these four are presumably under repair...
Although his first interest and his chief strength was in submarines, Grand Admiral Doenitz also had a surface fleet which he might use to lend his spring campaign additional punch: the 40,000-plus-ton battleship Tirpitz, the 26,000-ton Scharnhorst and Gneisenau, a screen of lighter ships including two pocket battleships, the Admiral Scheer and Lützow, two 10,000-ton cruisers of the heavily armed Admiral Hipper class, and perhaps ten destroyers...