Word: gnutella
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Dates: during 2000-2000
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...real threat to that business model, however, is client-to-client-based programs like Napster, Gnutella and Freenet that make searching and swapping MP3 music files quick and painless. Suddenly Metallica and Elektra no longer control the quantity and destiny of their songs. It costs zip to download Metallica's And Justice for All via Napster. If you're selling CDs, it's hard to build a business around that price point...
Other services, such as a program called Gnutella, lack a centralized server and are thus much harder to block--technologically or legally...
...Other modes of digital distribution like Gnutella have no center, no physical location and create what amounts to a new network of connection with each use," says Nesson. "Open distribution based on programs such as this will be much harder to deal with...
Technology may soon make the decision in this particular lawsuit obsolete; new programs known as "Gnutella" and "FreeNet" may allow the Napster-like sharing of all types of data, not just MP3 files, and such services would be difficult to shut down because they would not rely, as does Napster, on a central server for searches. However, if carried to its conclusion, the spirit in which the lawsuit was filed would make universities into electronic gatekeepers, watching each packet of data sent across the network and monitoring students' activities online for fear of being held legally responsible...
...piracy on an unprecedented scale." Yet no pirated files ever sit on the Napster server--Fanning considered legal liability when he wrote the software--so those charges may not stick. Meanwhile, college campuses, claiming that Napster is sucking up too much bandwidth, have begun blocking access to the site. Gnutella, which doesn't require a centralized server, will be harder to shut down. But even if there is a way to disable Gnutella, so what? "Every time a 42-year-old figures out how to lock something up," says Griffin, "a 14-year-old is going to figure...