Word: gomulka
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...that, in turn, the experts believed, would lead to the fall of Communist Party Boss Wladyslaw Gomulka in Poland and "a likely eventual loss of the Soviet hold over East Germany...
...Communists, whatever their feelings about the invasion of Czechoslovakia, managed to turn a profit by it. But for Poland's aging, doctrinaire Party Boss Wladyslaw Gomulka, Russia's tanks and troops performed an invaluable eleventh-hour salvage job. As one who has recently based his career on being Moscow's company man, Gomulka rates especially warm treatment from the Kremlin during times of Communist stress-and the Soviets have never needed him more. As a result, Czechoslovakia has enabled Gomulka to overcome- for the present-the most serious challenge to his leadership in his twelve years...
...Toes. With the resignation of President Edward Ochab, who is 61 and nearly blind, Gomulka had sufficient strength in the Polish Sejm (Parliament) to have the post filled by a trusted lieutenant, Defense Minister Marian Spychalski, 62. The political fortunes of Spychalski, an architect by training, have waned and gained for 25 years with those of Gomulka. An underground Communist leader during World War II, he was arrested, imprisoned and tortured by Stalinists after Gomulka was purged in 1948. Never brought to trial, Spychalski left prison a cripple without toes, was made Defense Minister after Gomulka gained power...
Though the post of President is largely ceremonial, Gomulka needs a loyal supporter there. By putting in Spychalski, he also managed to thwart those who would have liked to see Premier Jozef Cyrankiewicz, 56, another Gomulka backer, shifted to the ceremonial post, where his moderating influence on the government would be neutralized. Into Spychalski's place as Defense Minister, Gomulka managed to put another supporter. He was Wojciech Jaruzelski, 44, the Deputy Defense Minister and Chief of the General Staff. Aware of the factional struggle, Jaruzelski immediately appointed three new vice ministers to offset the anti-Gomulka cast...
...continuing purges, which Gomulka has unsuccessfully tried to moderate, indicate that his troubles are far from over. Last week two of his own supporters on the ruling twelve-man Politburo, Cyrankiewicz and Party Ideologist Zenon Kliszko, came out in favor of the purges. That sign of approval from his own camp may have been the price Gomulka paid to avoid an immediate showdown with his critics, but it also whetted their desire for power. Police Boss Mieczyslaw Moczar, the man behind much of the anti-Gomulka dissidence but normally a shadowy figure, appeared three times in the past two weeks...