Word: gomulka
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...situation was not alone the example of Hungary. They also had a belief in a man, once disgraced and imprisoned, almost forgotten a year ago, whose firm defiance of the Russians had shot him up through the crumbling Communist apparatus to a position of national hero. In Wladyslaw Gomulka many Poles feel that they found a leader before it was too late...
...Guarantee. It was a mutual discovery. In the new nine-man Politburo, Gomulka has few comrades he can trust, and not a few old Communist enemies. His position there depends on his continuing influence on the workers and intellectuals who hold him in such high regard. He is taking great pains to cultivate and preserve that regard by the only means he knows: hard work, courtesy, firmly expressed cautionary advice and, for a fanatic Communist, daring departures from the old Stalin economic and political dogmas...
...State (Collective) Farms has merged with the Ministry of Agriculture. The press is still shackled, but Voice of America and Radio Free Europe broadcasts are no longer to be jammed. The Sejm (Parliament) enacted a new electoral law which promised liberalized, if not "free," elections in January. In Moscow Gomulka negotiated for more wheat and coal...
...dissolved in the Szczecin district alone), workers took over factories, and university students demonstrated all over the country. The situation paralleled that in Hungary, except that the Communist leadership apparently reacted in time, and so earned a breathing space. Now something of a hero for his defiance of Khrushchev, Gomulka is using every available means, including the pleas of released Cardinal Wyszynski, to foster "national unity and calm." According to all reports out of Poland, the people are in a calmer and less demanding mood than for some time past, sobered not so much by Gomulka's words...
...Gomulka gradualism has something in it for everybody-a chance for Poles to bring pressure without civil war, a chance for Russia to give concessions while keeping control. Thin-faced Wladyslaw Gomulka was the necessary man in between, an attractive place to stand-if only a man didn't have to plant both feet on a razor's edge. As he left Moscow he observed: "We can say with joy that our fears are not confirmed...