Word: gomulkaism
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...this year. Religious ceremonies are scheduled for many parts of the country, but the highlight will come May 3, the Polish national holiday, when thousands of Poles will journey to the Jasna Gora monastery in Czestochowa, home of the nationally cherished "Black Madonna." The Communist regime of Wladyslaw Gomulka, which has conducted a running feud with the church, is desperately anxious to avoid or at least diminish any public demonstration of Roman Catholic power in Poland. Last week, as the church began the first of its millennium celebrations, the Communists were busy creating every imaginable block and trying to convert...
Adequate = Zero. Gomulka had already vetoed a visit to Czestochowa by Pope Paul VI to celebrate a millennial Mass, but now he seemed intent on keeping Catholics of all ranks-as well as others-away. Visas have been denied to the 150 foreign bishops, archbishops and cardinals invited to Czestochowa. Polish tourist offices in Europe and the U.S. have been blandly advising that visas will not be granted to Western pilgrims, who were originally expected to number 3,000,000. One explanation: "The country will already be too full of tourists." As for TV and newspaper coverage, some 125 Western...
...Kremlin's bevy of Red Amazons as Spain's Dolores Ibarruri ("La Pasionaria"). Ana quickly purged the Rumanian party of "nationalists"-down to and including three elevator operators in the Foreign Ministry. "National Communists" fared poorly throughout Eastern Europe in the late 1940s: Poland's Wladyslaw Gomulka and Hungary's János Kádar went to prison on Stalin's orders; others, such as Czech General Secretary Rudolph Slánský and his Slovak Foreign Minister, Vladimir Clementis, were tried and hanged. From 1946 to 1953, Eastern Europe underwent show trials...
...want to celebrate the 1,000th year of Polish Catholicism in Czestochowa this May are clashing head-on with party nationalists, who want to save the thunder for the millennium of Polish nationhood and protect the Oder-Neisse Line from West German "ecumenism" as well. As a result, Gomulka's government denied a passport to Rome for Stefan Cardinal Wyszyńiski. Hungary is Communism's least oppressive realm, yet the velvet glove of János Kaádár descended heavily last month on a handful of "collusionists" who protested a government price rise. Even...
...Gomulka's hard line raised doubts that he would issue visas for the German churchmen to enter Poland. And it obviously reduced the chances that some way would be found to extend an invitation to Pope Paul VI, who wishes to go to Czestochowa...