Word: gonadotrophins
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That is why a report in the New England Journal of Medicine is so & significant: doctors in Maine and Rhode Island have shown that by using three blood tests -- for substances called alpha-fetoprotein, unconjugated estriol and chorionic gonadotrophin -- they could determine which young mothers were at highest risk for bearing afflicted children. The first test alone predicts Down syndrome correctly 35% of the time, but all three together boosted the rate to nearly 60%, thus targeting women who are most likely to benefit from amnio...
Most laboratory tests for pregnancy work on the same principle: detection of a key hormone, chorionic gonadotrophin, found in the urine of a pregnant woman. A concentrate of a urine specimen is injected into a test animal (frog, rabbit, mouse); if present, the hormone will cause a recognizable reaction in the sex glands. If there is no reaction, the patient is presumed not pregnant. But no method is foolproof-frogs injected only with distilled water have developed reactions. Some tests (e.g., the Friedman test using rabbits, the Aschheim-Zondek test with mice) are highly accurate, but require...
...Morris test gives more than a yes or no answer: by measuring a pregnant patient's hormone level, it also indicates whether she is likely to suffer a miscarriage. If her chorionic gonadotrophin level is low (below 6,000 units), a miscarriage can be expected. Testing 2,000 cases, the Yale doctors correctly predicted 83 miscarriages well in advance...
...does not come into breeding condition soon after lambing. If she "lambs" in spring, she is seldom ready to start again until the following fall. Working under an Armour grant, Professor Frank X. Gassner of Colorado A. & M. found that carefully measured and timed injections of a gonadotrophin a few weeks after lambing could make 100 ewes produce a fall crop of 65 to 85 extra lambs. A control group of 25 ewes without hormone injections was given a ram for company, but only one of them produced an out-of-season lamb...
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