Word: gonorrhea
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Researchers believe promiscuity combined with a higher incidence of venereal disease among Africans has accelerated the spread of the AIDS virus. Last November the nonprofit London-based Panos Institute reported that the rate of gonorrhea per 100,000 people was 10,000 in Kampala, Uganda, and 7,000 in Nairobi, Kenya, compared with about 975 in New York City and 310 in London. A study of 800 Nairobi prostitutes showed that 88% carried the AIDS virus and more than half had some sort of venereal disease. The women reportedly had an average of 1,000 clients a year...
...potential spread of AIDS can be grasped by observing the ways in which other sexually transmitted diseases, such as gonorrhea, chlamydia and genital herpes, move through the country. "There are a minimum of 6 million S.T.D.s recorded annually," says Dr. German Maisonet, medical director of the Los Angeles Minority AIDS Project. "Which means that about every five seconds an American is involved in a high-risk sexual practice minus a condom...
...disease spreads and more and more public-health authorities begin tracing the sexual intimates of AIDS victims. Calls of this kind, known in public-health jargon as contact notification, have long been accepted as part of the effort to curb the spread of sexually communicable diseases like syphilis and gonorrhea. But when used to battle AIDS, the practice has aroused a storm of criticism and has raised some thorny ethical issues...
...disease, primarily among heterosexuals and in communities where it is not already prevalent. Those with AIDS, they say, have a moral duty to warn those they have put at risk. Critics of mandatory tracing charge that it may feed panic and hysteria. They stress that, unlike syphilis or gonorrhea, AIDS is so far incurable. Indeed, says Dr. Kevin Cahill, a member of New York City's board of health, some people who were told that they had been exposed to the virus have attempted suicide -- even though they showed no symptoms of the disease...
...AIDS passes more easily to victims of other sexually transmitted diseases. "This has been a common denominator in all our cases," says Thomas C. Quinn, a senior investigator at the National Institutes of Health who has been studying the disease in Africa, where syphilis, gonorrhea, herpes and chancroid are common in AIDS victims. Quinn has observed a similar pattern in New York City and Miami. "Genital inflammation may increase susceptibility," says Quinn. "The virus may gain access via breaks in the skin due to sexually transmitted diseases...