Word: gorbachev
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...Since Gorbachev became President in March, he has tried to wield the extra powers of the office to steer the country away from a centralized system, where everyone took orders from above, toward a society where decisions would come from below and be coordinated with a vastly reduced administrative center. The only problem is that the old chain of command has all but collapsed, and nothing has arisen to take its place. The President's decrees have been largely ignored by the country's restive republics, determined to grab as much authority as they can from Moscow. Leading the revolt...
After Yeltsin became chairman of the Russian parliament in May, he vowed that the republic would follow its own radical reform program, known as the 500 Day Plan, with or without Kremlin approval. Then, in a dramatic about-face last month, Gorbachev invited the Russians to submit their scheme as the basis for a new economic program for the central government, to be drafted by a commission led by economist Stanislav Shatalin, a member of the group of Gorbachev advisers who make up the Presidential Council. The decision to join forces with Yeltsin was a masterstroke. By siding with...
...decision to set up the Shatalin commission undercut the wobbly Ryzhkov government's efforts to formulate a new economic-reform package to replace a program that the national parliament roundly rejected in June. During a meeting with the Gorbachev-Yeltsin team last month, Ryzhkov reportedly protested that the group's decentralization schemes would "ruin and bury the Soviet Union." Deputy Prime Minister Leonid Abalkin, the government's chief economic guru, has also charged that "everything is being done to malign and overrun this last stronghold" -- the central government. But the leaders of the Russian republic take a different view...
...Although Gorbachev supports the Shatalin plan, he does not appear ready to * break ranks with Ryzhkov and has even warned against a destabilizing shakeup of the central government. Gorbachev has suggested a compromise: an economic package following the Shatalin group guidelines, with amendments taken from the Ryzhkov proposals. The unified program, which will be prepared by a third group, led by economist Abel Aganbegyan, will be submitted for debate to the republican and national parliaments. The Russians, for their part, have made clear that they want only the Shatalin plan and not the mixed version, which Yeltsin said was like...
...Bush and Gorbachev meet to discuss the gulf crisis, underscoring the shifts in superpower -- and other -- relations. Back home, Bush is bedeviled by the U.S. budget and Gorbachev by the Soviet economy. Gauging the embargo's bite. Tragedy for the refugees...