Word: gospeling
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Streeter's theory, sacrosanct in liberal Protestant scholarship for four decades, has come under some attack in recent years. Southern Methodist's William R. Farmer, in his book The Synoptic Problem, maintains that the Mark theory was based not so much on conclusive proof from the Gospel texts as on a desire for a neat, scientific solution to satisfy a scholarly predilection for evolution: the more primitive Mark evolving into the smoother, more elaborated Matthew and Luke. Farmer returns to a sequence proposed by Griesbach: Matthew, then Luke, then Mark. Farmer's critics ask why Mark would...
...other hand, translated so easily into Hebrew that Lindsey decided he must have used an earlier-hence more reliable-Hebrew source than the others. Markus Barth, son of the late Karl Barth, advances an even more unorthodox theory in his classes at Pittsburgh Theological Seminary: that the Gospel of John came first. Barth sees John's Gospel as a kind of guide for a pilgrimage in Jesus' footsteps to Jerusalem, and insists that it must have been written before the Temple's destruction...
...most open-ended solution to the whole question is E.P. Sanders' work, The Tendencies of the Synoptic Tradition, which concludes that none of the three Synoptic Gospels can be proved to have come first. Sanders, of Ontario's McMaster University, makes a systematic test of the usual criteria for what is early or late in Christian documents. Material is generally considered to be later, for instance, as it increases in length, detail, and direct discourse, and decreases in Jewish influence. Sanders contends that none of these tests is conclusive. As each Gospel developed, he found, descriptions of individual...
...stoppers are the photographs of places where Jesus may have walked, such as the ancient stone steps leading to Mount Sion, which, says Lessing, Jesus probably used on the night of the Last Supper; and Jerusalem's 2,700-year-old Pool of Siloam, where, according to the Gospel of John, Jesus sent a blind man to bathe-and thereby restored his sight...
...carved oak reliefs of its altarpiece, circa 1565, form one of the chief treasures of St. Leonard's Church. The triptych shows scenes in the life of St. Anne, mother of the Virgin Mary. The Bible has no mention of Anne. The only source is the apocryphal gospel known as the Protoevangelium Jacobi, written in 170-180 A.D. This account has it that Anne and Joachim were devoted, but Anne could not conceive. So Joachim went into the desert to meditate; his wife stayed home to worry. An angel appeared to Anne, Joachim had a vision in the desert...