Word: gothic
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Dates: during 1890-1899
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Professor Moore gave his fifth lecture on the Fine Arts of the Middle Ages in the Fogg Museum last evening, showing views illustrating the Decadent Gothic style of architecture in France, and the Perpendicular style in England. Most of the views were from English churches, such as the cathedrals of Durham, Lincoln, Salisbury, Wells, Ely, Peterborough, Southwell, and the abbeys of Whitby and Westminster...
Professor Moore gave the fourth of his series of exhibitions of lantern-slides in the Fogg Museum last evening. Several views of the cathedrals at Chatres, Amiens, and Rheims were shown and their peculiarities described. One damaging alteration in the Gothic architecture during the 14th century, said Processor Moore, was the introduction of private chapels into the cathedrals. The original outer walls with their rich stained-glass windows were destroyed and other walls erected which included the buttresses within the building...
...views shown were for the most part chosen from cathedrals and churches in the neighborhood of Paris, for it is there that most of the examples of the early Gothic architecture are found...
...distinguishing features of the Gothic style is the pointed arch. It was first used as a structural device in vaulting, the pointed arch being better adapted for spanning openings where the height of the arch can not be limited by its span. The only means of using a circular arch where the height is to be greater than the span, is by elevating or tilting it. This is a cumbrous construction and belongs to the Romanesque architecture. The circular arch was long retained in covering window openings, and in the arch construction of the triforium...
Flying buttresses were found necessary to receive the thrust of this system of vaulting. They were at first rather awkwardly constructed but in the thirteenth century became more graceful and ornate. The foliate ornamentation of the Gothic capitol rivals in beauty of line and surface any of the Greek forms, and the sculpture, though inclined to the grotesque, resembles the Greek in some of its methods...