Word: governs
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Dates: during 1960-1969
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...their traditional authority figure. In the past decade, the Viet Cong have systematically wiped out some 15,000 local offi cials?disposing of the worst as well as the best. Killing the best undermines Saigon capacity to govern; killing the worst wins the villagers' gratitude. The result not only makes for mediocrity among those remaining, but serves as a sharp warning to them not to prosecute their tasks too diligently...
Most people assumed that the bulk of the "new territories," as Israelis soon dubbed them, were negotiable in any peace settlement with the Arabs. The new boundaries would be hard to guard, so the argument went, the new lands hard to govern. But the Arabs have yet to show any interest in a settlement, and the Israelis are clearly in no hurry to give up what they have...
...More Exams. If the new educational-reform plan goes into effect, students will be urged to set up the new "revolutionary alliances" that will govern relationships in the future. Professors will no longer have titles but will be called simply "comrade." In fact teachers are supposed not to teach but to share in learning Mao's ideas. Students will also lecture their colleagues, including the teachers, in a new pattern of "mutual teaching and learning...
...last 15, 20 years and is now being studied in detail. It's one of the great Chinese inventions, the fruit of the examination system, tied in with landlordism, tied in with the values of literacy--all of it forming the local elite who are the key to local government and order. So the local magistrate in the Chinese kingdom is a very solitary figure in the old days. He is able to govern a quarter of a million people as a single, imperial official in this very superficial fashion because these local gentry these local degree-holder landlords, educated...
...Arabs' empire failed because they lacked the skill of political synthesis. In conquered territory, Arab rulers hewed to the Koran and tended to let the conquered govern themselves. Mohammed designated no successor (caliph); his squabbling heirs split Islam into rival sects. For a time, independent Moslem states retained Mohammed's vigor. While Europe slept, great Arab universities flourished in Cordova, Baghdad and Cairo; in Spain, the Arab philosopher Averroes revitalized Aristotle. After the death of the Caliph Harun al-Rashid in 809, the Baghdad caliphate plunged into civil war; in succeeding centuries, marauding Mongols poured into the Arab...