Word: grace
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Dates: during 1960-1969
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DEAR WORLD. The only saving grace about this musical adaptation of Jean Giraudoux's The Madwoman of Chaillot is a gallant performance by Angela Lansbury...
Everyone knows about the sin of Adam and Eve, and for 1,500 years Christian theology has proclaimed its consequences. As an offense against God by man's first parents, it made every man an automatic sinner, born without sanctifying grace. It took away, too, the gifts that had accompanied grace: the idyllic paradise that was Eden; the freedom from pain, from suffering, and from death. Because of it, all men be came subject more to their passions than to their reason, more prone to evil than to good. It was, in short, "original...
...religion's oldest mysteries: the existence of evil in a world supposedly created by a good God. In his pessimistic view, man was himself the culprit, woefully evil because his soul was imprisoned in an utterly fallen body, incapable of good unless drawn to it by the grace of Christ. In answer to the British monk Pelagius, who preached that man could save himself by good works without the initial prodding of grace, Augustine hurled his reply: Humanity had inherited the curse of Adam's sin. Without the grace of Christ's redemption, men were damned...
...Epistle to the Romans. To Augustine, the story of the creation and fall in the Genesis chapters was literal history, the doleful record of man's disobedience to God and the dread results of that sin for his progeny. Paul's Epistle, holding forth the redeeming grace of Christ as an antidote, reinforced his interpretation: in the Latin Vulgate, as Augustine read it, Paul's meaning was clear: it was Adam "in whom all have sinned...
Augustine's doctrine proved durable. For John Calvin, Adam's fall "perverted the whole order of nature in heaven and on earth." To Martin Luther, man was simul justus et peccator-a sinner savable by God's grace received through faith alone. The 16th century Council of Trent re-endorsed Augustine's attack on Pelagianism for the Counter-Reformation Catholic Church. And only last year, Pope Paul rephrased the traditional understanding of original sin as part of his modern creed...