Word: gradient
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Dates: during 1970-1979
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...novelist was a latent homosexual. He cites incriminating passages from The White Peacock and allusions in Lady Chatterley's Lover that Mellors did not limit himself to ordinary heterosexual acts with Lady C. The difficulty with such speculation is that the term latent covers a long and slippery gradient. One might just as casually assume latent homosexual content in the movie Coming Home, that contemporary switch on Lady Chatterley in which the guy in the wheelchair gets the girl...
...adenosine triphosphate), which conveyed energy through the cell to power the cell's varied chemical reactions. But they had not been able to explain satisfactorily how ATP was formed. Mitchell suggested the novel theory that the key to ATP synthesis is the creation of a kind of gradient -or difference in voltage-on opposite sides of the membranes of bacteria, as well as of such cellular bodies as mitochondria and chloroplasts. This gradient is coupled with a flow of protons (which Mitchell calls "proticity") that in turn provides the energy for the synthesis of ATP. In addition to explaining...
Some insist that climbing brings man closer to God. Jerome is not sure. But he does believe that mountains help man to appreciate both his planet and himself. "Gradient is the elixir of youth," declares a geologist, and he may be right. Flatlands, worn down to sea level by gravity and the forces of time, are old, almost senile. Mountains, no matter how ancient, are new and dynamic. No one can spend much time with them - or with Jerome's high-minded volume - without feeling the same...
...energy. Light striking a pigment molecule causes it to eject a hydrogen ion-or proton-that passes through the cell's membrane. The movement of the positively charged protons through the membrane leaves an excess of negative charge on one side of the membrane. That produces a voltage gradient and results in an electrical current flowing through the membrane. In the process, which involves at least five separate steps, each bacteriorhodopsin molecule pumps out a proton every 250th of a second and provides the energy the organism needs to synthesize adenosinetri-phosphate (ATP), the energy-storing molecule common...