Word: gratz
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...would not be enough to cure Austria's headache. The very next day, Socialist Chancellor Fred Sinowatz unexpectedly resigned, vowing to devote himself to rebuilding his tattered party. His replacement: Finance Minister Franz Vranitzky. By midweek three more Socialist ministers had quit their posts, among them Foreign Minister Leopold Gratz, who refused to ''direct the Austrian foreign service in the defense of President Waldheim.'' International reaction to the electoral triumph of the former U.N. Secretary-General was not much warmer. Official congratulations were withheld by Yugoslavia, Albania, Greece and the Netherlands. President Reagan sent what his aides described...
...Behind the initiative is Jennifer Gratz, who in 1997 sued the University of Michigan for discrimination after being denied admission as an undergraduate. The case went to the Supreme Court, which found in her favor, but said that affirmative action could be be applied in education as long as schools didn't use a strict points-based quota policy. She is now executive director of the Michigan Civil Rights Initiative, the group that began the push for the referendum in 2003. Connerly has reportedly contributed $450,000 of the $2 million it has raised...
...Republicans ruled that universities could provide special consideration to minorities, as long as they didn't use strict point systems like the one that the University of Michigan's undergraduate program had used. (The school gave 20 points on a 150-point scale for being black or Hispanic, and Gratz was the plaintiff in the suit that ruled it unconstitutional...
...were about equally divided on the issue, with 20% undecided. Affirmative action proponents are pitching their arguments squarely at them, warning of the loss of funding for programs that promote women in traditionally male-dominated fields like engineering. Connerly's group says "race trumps gender" in affirmative action, and Gratz offers herself as living proof, arguing she was kept out of the University of Michigan because she wasn't black or Hispanic...
...last word on a divisive debate that has lasted for decades. The Supreme Court, with two new conservatives on the bench, could rule next year in the Seattle and Louisville cases that race cannot be considered at any level of education. But win or lose, Connerly and Gratz say they are committed to ending affirmative action wherever they can. And if Connerly heads to another state, the NAACP and other groups are likely to take him on. His battle may feel lonely, but his opponents will make sure he has lots of company wherever he goes...