Word: greengard
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...fourteenth move ("Vlad thinking here is not a good omen for those rooting for living creatures," said Russian grand master Peter Svidler) and an extraordinary 42 minutes on the seventeenth move. With his clock still running, Kramnik suddenly "popped up from the chessboard," said match commentator Mig Greengard, and ran with his bodyguard Aziz to the bathroom in his boudoir. (Evidently the restroom is a fine place for chess inspiration; one sequence of opening moves is known in the chess literature as the Toilet Variation because that is where its creator came up with it.) When the relaxed-looking champion...
...Greengard was less confident. "This is exactly how grand masters used to lose to computers all the time. Great sacrifices for great positions and then remarkable computer defense. Can Vlady really pull this off? He's a super-hero...
Last week Carlsson, 77, a professor emeritus at Sweden's University of Gothenburg, finally won a Nobel. Sharing the prize for Physiology or Medicine with him were Columbia University's Eric Kandel, 70, who laid bare the molecular foundations of learning and memory, and Rockefeller University's Paul Greengard, 74, who elucidated the chemical cascade touched off by dopamine and other neurotransmitters. In each case, the Nobel was surely long overdue and richly deserved...
...WHAT IT MEANS FOR THE REST OF US: When nerves in the brain can't communicate with one another, physical as well as psychiatric problems can arise. Carlsson and Greengard were instrumental in identifying the role of dopamine (a key brain chemical) as a transmitter, a discovery that has led to new treatments for Parkinson's and schizophrenia. Kandel's research showed that changing the speed of inner-brain transmissions can have profound effects on both short- and long-term memory...
...Arvid Carlsson (Sweden), Paul Greengard (United States), Eric Kandel (United States...