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...rubber bands. Such training has spread even to the more skill-oriented sports, including archery and target shooting. The reason is that scientists have learned that muscle strength produces not only power but also stamina. At the National Sculling Center on the Occoquan River in Woodbridge, Va., Igor Grinko, a former Soviet rowing coach who now trains the U.S. team, has had American Keir Pearson doing 400 pulls on the oars with 200-lb. weights attached. "When we slack off," says Pearson, "Igor screams at us that Russian women can lift more weight than we can." Says Jonathan Smith...

Author: /time Magazine | Title: Engineering the Perfect Athlete | 8/3/1992 | See Source »

...resistance training, athletes focus on the muscle groups now recognized as vital to their sport. Grinko's rowers are spending one day a week concentrating exclusively on arms, another day on legs and a third on the back. Swimmers are working on building up their arms because about 80% of their propulsion through the water comes from the arms' movement. Cyclists now give more attention to their hamstrings, a group of muscles in the back of the thigh. "The hamstrings stabilize the knee and transfer mechanical energy between the joints," explains biomechanist Robert Gregor of the University of California...

Author: /time Magazine | Title: Engineering the Perfect Athlete | 8/3/1992 | See Source »

Russians who wanted facts turned from this fighting budget speech to a meaty report Commissar Zverev made in the official publication Bolshevik. In this, Commissar Zverev blames on his purged predecessor, Grigory Grinko, four major shortcomings in Soviet finance: 1) persistently low purchasing power of the ruble; 2) long arrears in salaries which the State owes to personnel of the Motor & Tractor Stations (some have been unpaid for as much as two years); 3) closing by the State of a total of 26,000 Soviet savings banks and institutions; 4) chaotic conditions in the Soviet tax system...

Author: /time Magazine | Title: RUSSIA: Taxation Rationalized | 8/22/1938 | See Source »

...Rykov, Bukharin, former Chief of Ogpu Yagoda, Finance Commissar Grinko, former President of the Uzbek Soviet Socialist Republic Khodzhaev, former All-Union Foreign Trade Commissar Rozengolts, former All-Union Agriculture Commissar Chernov, former All-Union Timber Chief Ivanov, former All-Union Cooperative Stores Chief Zelensky, former All-Union First Assistant Foreign Commissar Krestinsky, former Kremlin Hospital Chief Dr. Levin, Endocrinologist Dr. Kazakov, the late Maxim Gorki's secretary Kruchkov, and the lesser Communists Ikramov, Sharangovich, Zubarev, Bulanov and Maximov-Dikovsky...

Author: /time Magazine | Title: RUSSIA: Thank God! | 3/21/1938 | See Source »

...Secret Political Police. They announced they were putting on trial this week 21 Communists, most of whom have held official positions close to Joseph Stalin, big shots of Stalin's own party and inner clique. In equivalent U. S. terms. Defendant Rykov would be Jack Garner; Defendant Grinko-Secretary Morgenthau; Defendant Yagoda-Attorney General Cummings; Defendant Chernov- Secretary Wallace; Defendant Khodjaiev -Governor Lehman; Defendant Rakovsky-Ambassador Bullitt; Defendant Bukharin-Hugh Johnson; Defendant Levin -Dr. Alexis Carrel. "Terrific!" was Walter Duranty's adjective after studying the official charges against the 21. Correspondent Joseph Barnes remarked that "some...

Author: /time Magazine | Title: RUSSIA: Revelations | 3/7/1938 | See Source »

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