Word: griswold
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...nine Justices denounced the only state law in the U.S. that banned the use of contraceptives by anyone, including married couples. It had been challenged by Yale Gynecologist C. Lee Buxton and Mrs. Estelle Griswold, executive director of the Connecticut Planned Parenthood League, who had been convicted ($100 fines) for dispensing contraceptives at a birth-control clinic in New Haven. "A very bad law," agreed dissenting Justice Hugo Black. "An uncommonly silly law," agreed dissenting Justice Potter Stewart...
...Griswold's remarks were part of a memorandum on grading blue books sent to the faculty on May 12. Members of the Law Faculty contacted yesterday said they considered the suggestions part of a normal review of grading policy. Griswold's remarks were suggestions and not binding on individual professors...
...Specifically," Griswold said, "I would like to suggest that if a blue book is really so bad that it is a failure, it should be given a falling mark, and should not be marked with a 55 or 56 on the chance that the man may have done better in other courses...
...Similarly," Griswold wrote, "we continue to have difficulty in producing an adequate number of high marks, particularly in the light of the caliber of those who are admitted here. Of course, we should not have 'inflation' in grading and I do not think that it is helpful to have a lot of fancy marks for their own sake...
...Griswold suggested that the stiff competition for admission to the Law School had had its effects on grades. "In the current admissions situation, it is not surprising that we have relatively few failures...