Word: gruen
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Dates: during 1960-1969
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...ever make New York truly livable until the streets are gardens and the traffic is subterranean, but the new plan offers a realistic promise of traffic-free isolation in at least one area. The scheme: transform the all but deserted Welfare Island into a development where, as Architect Victor Gruen says, "all that is disturbing in modern-day city life is placed underground...
20th Century City. Architect Gruen, famed for spacious shopping centers (Eastland in Detroit) and a well-publicized zeal for turning downtown areas into car-free malls (Kalamazoo, Mich.), designed the slab-shaped buildings slim and high to take advantage of the island's Manhattan view and allow for landscaping. The lower buildings, varying in height and snaking along the island's length, would be topped with gardens and windbreaks for recreational facilities. The air-conditioned pedestrian concourse below would be sunlit (through glassed holes in the roof) and undulating to kill the monotony of long straight corridors...
East Island has a long way to go toward city approval and financing. But says Gruen: "It's not just a big housing project, it's the first 20th century city. We would really integrate housing with other facilities, avoiding the intermingling of transportation. It would mean unscrambling the melee of flesh and machine...
Citing the "vast urban revolution" facing the United States, Weaver quoted sector Gruen's aphorism--"If we keep planning in our present direction, our cities will resemble doughnuts: all the dough in the suburbs and nothing in the middle at the hole. Will we accept without question patterns of life foisted upon us the accidents of growth?" Weaver asked...
...performed operas such as Verdi's Simon Boccanegra, and it was Tibbett, a longtime champion of English-language opera, who created the baritone roles in such contemporary American operas as Deems Taylor's The King's Henchman and Peter Ibbetson. To the title role of Louis Gruen-berg's The Emperor Jones he brought an eerie sense of terror, sending his great voice booming among the dwarfish, treelike forms that grew grotesquely on the Met's shadowy stage...