Word: grunberg
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Dates: during 1990-1999
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...gaining, but it represents the most comprehensive work to date. Epidemiologist David Williamson and his research team reviewed data on 1,885 smokers and 768 nonsmokers who were studied over a period of 13 years. The report provides the clearest demonstration that women gain more than men, notes Neil Grunberg, medical psychologist at Bethesda's Uniformed Services University, who wrote an accompanying editorial. "It's very impressive...
Recent quitters frequently feel an almost uncontrollable urge to gorge on sugary, high-carbohydrate foods. This too is probably due to the powerful influence of nicotine. In smokers, the drug lowers the level of insulin in the bloodstream, which in turn decreases the craving for sweet-tasting food. Grunberg has shown in laboratory animals that removing nicotine causes insulin levels to rise, prompting greater consumption of sweets. This sweet-tooth effect is far more pronounced in female animals than in males, which may explain the difference found between the two sexes in the CDC study. But researchers are baffled...
...pounds," says Chicago internist Robert Gluckman, an obesity specialist. Chewing nicotine gum to cut down the physical withdrawal from the addiction is also often advised, as is engaging in some form of aerobic exercise to help push up the metabolic rate. To satisfy the craving for sweets, Grunberg suggests, quitters should sprinkle everything, from meat to poultry to fruit, with a sugar substitute...