Word: grutter
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...first case, Grutter v. Bollinger, a 5-4 majority held that the University of Michigan Law School’s admissions policy is constitutionally acceptable. In that policy, race is used as one of several favored attributes in evaluating applicants—in addition to so-called “hard” variables such as test scores and grades—in order to achieve a “critical mass” of minority students for purposes of diversity...
...nine justices supported affirmative action in concept. Although he dissented from the Grutter decision, Justice Anthony M. Kennedy averred that the Bakke standard—and thus affirmative action—is valid, although he said the law school’s policy does not meet that standard...
...critical distinction raised in Justice Sandra Day O’Connor’s majority opinion in Grutter was the “individualized, holistic review” of each application in the law school’s policy, as opposed to the automatic boost granted by LSA’s points system. The opinion stressed the need for affirmative action policies to be “narrowly tailored...
...most important issue in this case, the Court ruled 5-4, in Grutter v. Bollinger, that colleges and universities can continue to use race as long as they find less explicit ways to do so than the University of Michigan's undergraduate program, which rewarded minority applicants 20 points on a 100 point scale in the admission process. The Court said that Michigan's goal of a "critical mass" of minorities to ensure diversity was important enough to justify the use of race in admissions. Most colleges and universities say they use a more holistic approach which factors in race...
...Monday’s majority opinion in Grutter, Justice Sandra Day O’Connor recalled Powell’s assertion that diversity brings major benefits to academic settings...