Word: guatemala
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Dates: during 1950-1959
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...world scene, the President recalled, war raged in Indo-China as well as in Korea. Iran, with 60% of the world's known petroleum reserves, lay in deadly danger. Suez and Trieste were constant threats to peace. Even in the Americas, Communists were ready to take over Guatemala. All these were problems handed over to the Republican Administration...
...Communism in Guatemala grew strong and tough, it inevitably produced a couple of police chiefs who could have come right out of an Arthur Koestler novel. To Colonels Rogelio Cruz Wer and Jaime Rosenberg fell the duty of directing the final, senseless reign of terror when the anti-Communist revolution last June was toppling their boss, President Jacobo Arbenz. Upon Arbenz' fall, Cruz Wer and Rosenberg escaped in a station wagon to Mexico, first of the regime's big shots to run for safety...
Last week in Mexico City, plainclothesmen in a black Buick glided up to Jaime Rosenberg as he walked along a street, and arrested him. Without success, they also sought Cruz Wer. Both were to be held for hearings to decide whether they should be extradited for trial in Guatemala, where the Supreme Military Tribunal has gathered more than 1,000 pages of testimony charging that Cruz Wer and Rosenberg were "archgenocides who cruelly ordered the massacres of innocent citizens...
...became almost impossible to be elected to public office without the support of the unions . . . A teachers' union was formed, and before long almost every teacher in the country, in order to hold his job, had to teach the Communist doctrines . . . The Communists had political control of Guatemala by the time [former President Juan José] Arévalo's term expired [in 1951]. When their hand-picked candidate, Jacobo Arbenz, took office, they finally dared to come out into the open...
Modestly skipping over his own role in cracking the Arbenz regime. Castillo Armas went on to outline the responsibilities ahead: "We are now committed to show the world that Guatemala, by democratic ways, can advance the welfare of all our people far beyond what was achieved under Communism. Guatemala is the first nation to return to democracy after having lived under Communist rule. We are on trial before the world...