Word: guatemala
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Dates: during 1960-1969
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Closest behind Costa Rica is Guatemala, which has the most heavy Mayan population in Central America. President Miguel Ydigoras Fuentes has succeeded a pair of abbreviated administrations-the Communist-infiltrated regime of Jacobo Arbenz, overthrown in 1954 by Carlos Castillo Armas with U.S. help, and Castillo Armas' corrupt regime, cut off by an assassin's bullet. With quiet humor and calculated eccentricity, President Ydigoras. 64, has made himself a popular figure. Refusing to live in the presidential palace, he has installed himself-along with a twittering aviary, a pet deer and a dwarf footman-in a remodeled museum...
...this market and to pool resources for overall development, the five nations agreed in 1951 to a progressive freeing of trade. Last year they standardized import duties on 5% of their imports, thereby built a Central America-wide protective tariff wall around these items. Early this year El Salvador, Guatemala and Honduras, each under heavy pressure at home to speed development, met to form a Central American "inner three." They agreed to shoot for a customs union in five years...
...exclude no neighbor from vilification, Castro's Foreign Minister Raúl Roa accused Guatemalan President Miguel Ydigoras Fuentes of cooperating with the United Fruit Co. in planning a Guatemala-based, seaborne invasion of Cuba. Other Latin American leaders held their tempers. But Ydigoras issued his own May Day message to Cuba. He recalled his ambassador from Havana, and disgustedly severed diplomatic relations with Castro's government...
Swashbuckling into Guatemala more than 400 years ago with soldiers, priests and instructions to Christianize the heathen, Conquistador Pedro de Alvarado took thoughtful note of the fact that much of the rites of the Mayas' animistic religion resembled Roman Catholicism. The Mayas burned candles and incense, venerated relics, held processions. Alvarado's priests seized on the common ground; they gave the local gods the names of saints, the Virgin and Christ, and pushed on to convert other pagans...
...might well be San Pascual's last victory. Buttressed by Spanish priests who insist on orthodox Catholicism, Guatemala's hierarchy is finally determined to root out paganism and do away with the God of the Hills, the God of the Plains, and even that leering old devil who posed as a saint, Maxim...