Word: guernica
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Dates: during 1930-1939
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...general the tide was against them. Basque lines were forced back to the third ring of steel and concrete trenches defending Bilbao. A key to the city was pine-covered Mount Solluve which commands the entrance to Bilbao harbor. Planes, dropping the same incendiary bombs that destroyed Guernica (TIME, May 10), set fire to the forests, and a series of bloody bayonet charges cleared the rest of the Leftist strength off the mountaintop. Territory still controlled by the Bilbao government was only the city itself and a few suburbs...
...they were counterattacked by Basque militia, for the most part fishermen and their armed wives. When the Italians broke ranks, the bloodthirsty fishwives chased them into houses, beat them, threw them out of windows. Many escaped by jumping the sea wall, swimming two miles to the eastern shore of Guernica Inlet...
...Guernica, Rightist planes attacking Bilbao under General Emilio Mola were German Heinkel and Junkers bombers, proven inferior to the Russian planes called chato (snub-nosed) by the Loyalists. On the advice of German aviators and with the approval of Generalissimo Franco, General Mola ordered the stupidest move of his entire military career: a punitive air raid on Guernica, 12 miles northeast of Bilbao...
...Guernica, a village of 10,000 souls, has a small munitions factory and barracks on its outskirts. Guernica is also the traditional capital of the Basques. To this town Spanish sovereigns, including Ferdinand & Isabella, went to swear by the stump of an ancient oak tree to protect the ancient privileges of the Basque people. The tree of Guernica is prominent on the Basque flag. Basque deputies met biennially in their "Holy City" to legislate...
...Pertinax," foreign editor of the Echo de Paris, announced last week that orders for the massacre of Guernica came direct from Hermann Wilhelm Goring, anxious to show the unconvinced German general staff what his air force could do. No source for this interesting theory was given...