Word: guerrillas
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Dates: during 1950-1959
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Letting Down. General Rojas first took power in 1953, when he ousted an unpopular Conservative President. That act put a stop to backlands guerrilla fighting by the opposition Liberals and earned Colombia's gratitude. But his soldiers were not content to be the force supporting a mainly civilian regime. Instead, generals and colonels became Cabinet ministers and governors; sergeants became village mayors. The politicos understandably balked; the rural fighting resumed (TIME, Dec. 31). Rojas cracked down, banning meetings and closing newspapers...
...month ago and its accompanying 82-man rebel invasion were never a major military threat to Strongman Fulgencio Batista, as even the revolutionaries would concede (TIME, Dec. 10). But the rebels did hope that a bold show of opposition might rally the government's disorganized enemies to guerrilla war and sabotage that would, if long continued, shake Batista's government down. Last week, with bombing, killing and arson on the rise, the regime was clearly fearful of such a possibility-and trigger-happy at the thought...
Less than 24 hours after he spoke came news that 4,000 men of the army's Banteng (Buffalo) Division had seized control of Central Sumatra in a bloodless revolt. Organizer of the coup was Lieut. Colonel Ahmad Husein, an ex-guerrilla leader who was called "the Tiger of Central Sumatra" for his exploits against the Dutch during the revolution. Husein turned over titular authority of the region to 37-year-old Colonel Simbolon, a Dutch-educated Protestant who only a year ago was Mohammed Hatta's candidate for chief of staff. Simbolon announced that he would rule...
...Guerrilla War. It was perhaps Harry Byrd's closest approach to demagoguery. Virginia has nothing like the problem confronting other Southern states in desegregation. About 52% of the state's 3,759,000 citizens live in areas with less than a 10% Negro population; if the whites accepted school desegregation, their children would no more be inundated than white children in Chicago or Kansas City, Mo. Only 15% of Virginians dwell in communities of more than 40% Negro. When the Supreme Court handed down its school desegregation decision, Virginia reacted with calm reasonableness. Governor Thomas B. Stanley...
...school (although many of them play unaffectedly with Negro youngsters from babyhood). At Byrd's bidding, Governor Stanley called a special legislative session and presented it with 23 bills, setting up a "defense in depth" against desegregation. As passed by the legislature, the program ensured a decade-long guerrilla war against the Supreme Court: if one law were found unconstitutional, another would become effective; if it were found unconstitutional, another would take its place, etc. The key to the Stanley program: state funds are to be withheld from any school district that permits a Negro to sit with white...