Word: guerrillas
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Dates: during 1960-1969
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Nine Dragons & Three Phases. The new doctrine is needed because the Viet Cong had long been brain-fed on Mao Tse-tung's legendary Three Phases to Communist triumph: 1) political activity, 2) guerrilla warfare, and 3) the final mop-up of the reeling enemy by large-scale fighting in conventional military formations. The U.S. intervened just as the Viet Cong were about to leave behind the rigors and hardships of Phase Two, and march out in strength to claim South Viet Nam. Since then they have tried periodic Phase Three attacks-and been badly mauled by American troops...
...speaks of "a kind of flexible, kaleidoscopic battleground," another of eventual triumph "through the accumulation of many small victories." A Politburo member writing under the pen name of Cuu Long, meaning "nine dragons," has gone so far as to redefine Mao's Phase Three as "the phase of guerrilla warfare coupled with concentrated combat." To some well-placed Western experts, that could be translated as preparation for a retreat to the hit-and-hide tactics of the Communist guerrilla-without loss of face or too obvious a break with Mao-faith...
Risk of Death. Just after midnight three weeks ago, some 30 black-clad guerrillas filtered into the tiny town of Long Vinh, 75 miles south of Saigon. They quickly rounded up all 121 people in one area of the village and marched them off, sparing not even a toothless, crippled and nearly blind woman whom one guerrilla carried away on his back. During the march to a Viet Cong camp, 14 women and children risked death by dropping out of line and squatting unobserved in the tall rice. When the group reached its destination, eleven men, 33 women...
...Kremlinologist Richard Loewenthal, "regard the extremists- the Mao-Lin Piao faction-as very actively anti-Soviet, and they have recently lost hope that in the struggle inside China the extremists can be defeated." Ironically, what worries the Russians most is not a major Chinese attack, but gradually expanding Chinese guerrilla infiltration of the porous border area. As the Russians are uncomfortably aware, the Chinese have for years laid claim to thousands of square miles of land that now lie within the Soviet Union, and still record it on their maps as Chinese territory...
...Chavan has been impeccably loyal to Indira, but he, too, has the qualifications of a Prime Minister: service as an anti-British guerrilla in his teens, two jail terms during the independence struggle, experience as a former chief minister of the highly industrialized state of Maharashtra, which includes Bombay, and an excellent record as a Cabinet minister. He was originally summoned to New Delhi and given the Defense post in 1962 by Jawaharlal Nehru, who needed a replacement for Leftist Krishna Menon in the dark days after Red China's attack. Chavan rammed through an effective rebuilding...