Word: guinea
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Dates: during 1950-1959
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...Announced, in a move to tighten U.S. relations with Africa's new states, that the Republic of Guinea's President Sékou Touré (TIME cover, Feb. 16) had accepted an invitation to make an official U.S. visit next October...
This was no isolated phenomenon. "Cargo cults" ("cargo" is pidgin English for trade goods) have been observed repeatedly in the islands of Melanesia (including New Guinea, the Solomons and the New Hebrides). All of them share the belief that black men will acquire the white man's magic to materialize goods from overseas without doing a lick of work. British Sociologist Peter M. Worsley writes of the cargo cults in the May issue of the Scientific American, and lists and locates 72 of them...
...this. G.I.s landing in the New Hebrides before taking Guadalcanal found the natives preparing airfields, roads and docks for the cargoes they thought were coming on magic ships and planes from the King of America, the potent Ruseful (Roosevelt). The Japanese were received by the Papuans of Dutch New Guinea with joy as harbingers of the new dispensation, but when it did not materialize, the Japanese had an uprising on their hands that had to be put down by force...
...they were given shiploads of goods . . . Plainly the goods must be made for Melanesians somewhere, perhaps in the Land of the Dead. The Whites, who possessed the secret of the cargo, were intercepting it and keeping it from the hands of the islanders ... In the Madang district of New Guinea, after some 40 years' experience of the missions, the natives went in a body one day with a petition demanding that the cargo secret should now be revealed to them, for they had been very patient...
...Middlebrook and Dr. Maurice Cohn put more than 1,000 guinea pigs into chambers rigged so that the ventilators blew in BCG-Bacillus of Calmette and Guerin, a strain of weakened microbes used in vaccination against tuberculosis (TIME, Sept. 23, 1957). Later exposed to virulent TB germs, these animals resisted disease and lived out their normal life span. Those in an untreated comparison group sickened and died. Follow-up tests by Dr. Sol Roy Rosenthal at the University of Illinois showed that BCG, wafted in 10 million times its own volume of air, "took" in 27 of 30 children...