Word: guinea
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Dates: during 1970-1979
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...28th session last week, the U.N. General Assembly adopted overwhelmingly* a resolution declaring that Portugal represents only its European population and not the peoples of its three African territories -Guinea-Bissau, Angola and Mozambique. A month earlier the Assembly had formally recognized the rebel government of Guinea-Bissau by 93 to 7 (with 30 abstentions). Both actions were purely academic, since the Portuguese are still firmly in control in all three territories. But they called attention, as they were intended to do, to the brush-fire wars that are simmering in the African domains of Europe's last...
Alien Notions. Full independence for Papua New Guinea, scheduled for some time around the end of next year, is even more difficult to grasp; it involves such alien notions as defense and foreign affairs, which are now administered by Australia. But the Australians clearly are eager to shed their responsibilities as soon as possible. They inherited Papua from Britain in 1906 and took New Guinea from Germany in World War I, administering it in recent years as a U.N. trustee. Together, the two territories constitute the eastern half of the world's second largest island (after Greenland); the rest...
Somare bristles at the suggestion that Papua New Guinea may not be ready for independence. "We are civilized in our own way," he says tersely. "We are a people with our own pride and culture. Are we primitive because our women don't cover their breasts and our men don't wear trousers? This is our way. This is our society...
...first real move toward independence came in March 1972 when 1.5 million eligible voters, mainly illiterate, chose among 611 candidates for the 100 seats of the House of Assembly. A coalition formed by Somare's party, the Pangu Pad (pidgin for the Papua New Guinea Party) won control with 59 seats, drawing its main strength from the people of the coastal cities, whose education and contact with the outside world had enabled them to lead an independence movement. But the more primitive highlanders in the interior fear exploitation by their coastal brethren and distrust self-government...
Chief Minister Somare also must deal with budding separatism on a larger scale. Papuans, for instance, charge that Australian aid-$760 million over the past five years-has gone mostly to New Guinea. Tempers grew so hot over this issue recently that a two-day riot broke out at the annual Papua v. New Guinea soccer match. On the island of Bougainville, which is part of the new nation, there is a growing feeling that the islanders should get a greater share of the $150 million in profits expected this year from an immense Australian-operated copper mine...