Word: gulf
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Dates: during 1950-1959
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Large-scale charts show ocean currents circling neatly back on the surface to the places from which they come. Oceanographer Henry Stommel of the Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution became convinced by theory that much water also returns along the ocean bottom. The north-flowing Gulf Stream, he suspected, should have directly under it a south-flowing countercurrent. Nature tells how a joint expedition of the Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution and Britain's National Institute of Oceanography found the counter Gulf Stream exactly where Stommel figured it should...
...research ships, Britain's Discovery II and the Atlantis from Woods Hole, selected stations off the South Carolina coast where the Gulf Stream runs rapidly northward. The scientists on the Atlantis began sampling water from the surface to the bottom. This gave the differences of temperature, salinity, oxygen content, etc., that theoreticians think are associated with deep-down currents...
...Swallow released successive floats from the Discovery II. Each sank to a predetermined depth and sent back ultrasonic beeps that allowed them to be followed by submarine-detecting apparatus. When set to sink only a few thousand feet, the floats drifted north with the Gulf Stream, but between 4,500 and 6,000 ft. their motion practically stopped. Deeper down they drifted southward, at as much as one-third mile per hour. With the counter Gulf Stream proved to be real, the oceanographers can apply their theories with stepped-up confidence to other parts of the ocean depths...
Trouble All Around. As a result of the decision, businessmen could descry trouble ahead for dozens of big and little U.S. companies. Sears, Roebuck & Co. owns big blocks of stock in such suppliers as Whirlpool-Seeger Corp., Florence Stove Co., and Armstrong Tire & Rubber Co.; Gulf Oil has a 12% interest in Texas Gulf Sulphur, which supplies Gulf with sulphur; Olin Mathieson Chemical has 25.8% of Marquardt Aircraft and 50% of rocketmaker Reaction Motors, for which it is helping develop rocket fuel. And by successfully going back 30 years to trip Du Pont, trustbusters had won the right...
SULTAN IN OMAN, by James Morris (146 pp.; Panfheon; $3.50), is about one of those diplomatic escapades which Britain still occasionally stage-manages with a fine and crafty imperial hand. The sultanate of Muscat and Oman commands, like an Arabian Gibraltar, the entry to the Persian Gulf. In 1955 a fifth column of Saudi Arabian agents with oil-glazed eyes was busily subverting the sultan's power and touting the claims of the euphonically titled Imam of Oman. Four British-officered armies of the sultan set about trying to sweep the Imam out of Oman...