Word: gulf
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Dates: during 1960-1969
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...outset. "There is no going back," cried the United Arab Republic's Gamal Abdel Nasser. "War is inevitable," echoed the editor of his tame newspaper, Al Ahram. Israel, warned Foreign Minister Abba Eban, "is like a coiled spring," and could only consider Nasser's blockade of the Gulf of Aqaba as a direct threat to "the kind of national interest for which a nation stakes all that...
...receded, the U.S. and Britain teamed up to chart a different course of action, final details of which were approved when Wilson arrived for his one-day visit. Under the Anglo-American plan, a declaration would be circulated among the world's maritime nations affirming that 1) the Gulf of Aqaba is an international waterway, and 2) all signatories are entitled to exercise the right of "free and innocent passage...
Washington and London found most of the maritime powers more than willing to affirm the gulf's international status. Getting them to back up the principle with force was another matter. Aside from the U.S., Britain and perhaps The Netherlands, the rest, like so many chickens of the sea, clucked with concern. Japan, after all, does a lot of business with the Arabs. So does West Germany. Charles de Gaulle refused to sign the proposed declaration or even acknowledge the validity of the 1950 Tripartite Declaration by which France, Britain and the U.S. pledged to protect Israel...
They are going as part of the Israel Summer Work Program, which sends students to Israel every summer but is sending many more than usual this year in response to the crisis precipitated by Arab President Gamal Abdel Nasser's blockade of the Gulf of Aqaba...
...short-lived. The costs of war, particularly if the U.S. had to intervene to prevent an Arab victory, would be far greater. And it remains in the national interest of the U.S. to fulfill the commitment which this country made in 1956 to protect free passage in the Gulf and to defend that territorial integrity of all Middle Eastern states...