Word: gursel
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Legitimacy and popularity of Gursel's junta after last month's hangings-which were hardly discussed by most of the intimidated candidates...
Republican Peoples, led by ex-President Ismet Inonu, favored by Strongman Cemal Gursel: Justice, New Turkey, Republican Peasant, all trying to win followers of executed Premier Adnan Menderes...
Turkey seemed calm but uneasy. Since the execution of ex-Premier Adnan Menderes, ex-Finance Minister Hasan Polatkan, and ex-Foreign Minister Fatin Rustu Zorlu, for "crimes against the Turkish constitution" (TIME, Sept. 22), the big question was whether Strongman Cemal Gursel would allow free elections to take place, as promised, next month. Cryptically last week, he warned of "provocative elements" that might prevent the election. Obviously disturbed by the executions, the entire Cabinet reportedly offered its resignation, then agreed to stay on at Gursel's insistence...
When General Cemal Gursel and his military junta put Menderes & Co. on trial last year after seizing power from them in a bloodless coup, the legal case against the ex-Premier and his associates was based on the Turkish penal code, which can prescribe death for those who "attempt by force to change, replace or abrogate the Constitution." There is no doubt that by vast, showy projects and wild fiscal extravagance, Menderes had brought Turkey close to ruin, and consistently tried to hide the fact by severe press censorship and high-handed rule. But many Turks wondered whether the death...
Most defendants received sentences ranging up to 15 years in jail; 31 were given life imprisonment, 123 were acquitted, and charges against five were dropped. The death sentences could be reversed by General Gursel's junta, and there was considerable pressure for reversal. The U.S. and British embassies told the Turkish Foreign Affairs Ministry that they feared serious repercussions if the death sentences were carried out; Indian Ambassador J. K. Atal called on ex-President Inonu, leader of the Republican Party, asking him to intervene and throw his considerable weight behind a bid for clemency. Inonu refused to interfere...