Word: haile
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Leaders of the Guard's Washington-based lobby, the National Guard Association, are quick to deny both the accuracy and relevancy of this image; they recently spent $50,000 on a series of full-page newspaper ads to hail their own importance in time of "flood, fire, war, or riot." The Guard is surely important in numbers: there are 418,500 members of the Army National Guard and 82,700 Air National Guardsmen. By act of Congress, they make up the primary reserve of the U.S. Army and Air Force. Each year, the U.S. Government puts up roughly...
...Splintering. But the theory rarely worked in practice. Before a potential hail cloud could be identified and seeded, its hailstones had already grown large enough to cause damage. The Soviet solution was to use radar to identify the cloud as soon as it began to grow hailstones and deliver the iodides to it within three minutes...
...quick delivery, the Russians developed a non-splintering antiaircraft shell that could accurately deliver a load of silver iodide as far away as 22 miles without scattering dangerous fragments on populated areas below. Selecting locations in the northern Caucasus, Georgia and the Armenian Republic that lie in a Soviet hail belt, the Russians set up enough radar installations and antiaircraft guns to detect and treat clouds over an area of 1,200,000 acres. During 1964 and 1965, thousands of shells were fired into threatening clouds...
During the 1965 trial according to the report, crop loss from hail was reduced to 3.1% in the protected areas, compared with a 19% loss in adjacent unprotected fields. In some areas, the loss was cut to a tenth of normal. Even better results would have been obtained, the Russians admit, had the operation been better planned. As it was, there were frequently shortages of shells, and firing had to be delayed at crucial moments to avoid hitting aircraft...
...scientists are impressed, and hope to stage similar tests in the Great Plains hail belt. Physicist Byron Phillips, a hail expert for the U.S. Environmental Science Services Administration at Boulder, suggests that inexpensive ; rockets might be even more efficient. Eight rocket stations, he says, could protect the entire state of Kansas...