Word: hamermesh
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According to the new study led by Daniel Hamermesh, a professor of economics at the University of Texas at Austin, Major League Baseball umpires tend to call more strikes when the pitcher is of their same race; when they're not, umps call more balls. It doesn't happen all the time - in about 1% of pitches thrown - but that's still one pitch per game, and it could be the one that makes the difference. "One pitch called the other way affects things a lot," says Hamermesh. "Baseball is a very closely played game." What's more, says Hamermesh...
...study, Hamermesh's team analyzed the calls on 2.1 million pitches thrown in the Major League between the 2004 and 2006 seasons. Controlling for all other outside factors, such as the pitcher's tendency to throw strikes, the umpires' tendency to call strikes and the batter's ability to attract balls, researchers found evidence of same-race bias - and the data revealed that the bias benefits mostly white pitchers. Not surprising, since 71% of MLB pitchers and 87% of umpires are white...
...When Hamermesh himself came to the Business School in 1969, as a 21-year-old college graduate, about a fifth of his section—a group of approximately ninety students who take all their first-year classes together—had come to HBS right out of college...
When he received his MBA 35 years ago, Hamermesh and his younger peers did not encounter sharp resistance from employers, he says...
...jobs, [and] we seemed to do fine,” Hamermesh says...