Word: hammadis
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Today Gnosticism is the object of renewed interest among scholars, owing largely to the publication of a remarkable library of Gnostic scriptures. Known as the Nag Hammadi Codices, for the town in southern Egypt near the site of their discovery, the library consists of twelve 4th century papyrus books containing 52 texts that are thought to have been translated from the original Greek into Egypt's ancient Coptic language. Many scholars believe that it will become as important to understanding the early Christian era as the Dead Sea Scrolls, the library of a Jewish Essene community that was discovered...
...Fuel. The Nag Hammadi texts are already adding new fuel to a longstanding debate over the relationship between Gnosticism and early Christianity. Scholars have long believed that some New Testament passages attack incipient forms of Gnosticism. The traditional explanation is that Gnosticism matured after the birth of Christianity and became its archenemy, not only as a separate religion but also as a heretical wing within the early church. Yet some experts, among them Germany's New Testament Critic Rudolf Bultmann, are persuaded that Gnosticism was a full-fledged, working religion even before the arrival of Christ...
...Sheik Ahmed Zaki Yamani, 44, who publicly argues for slightly lower prices, and Iran's Cornell-educated Jamshid Amuzegar, 50, who argues for even higher prices. The other three are Kuwait's Abdel Rahman Atiqi, 44, Algeria's Belaid Abdessalam, 43, and Iraq's Saadun Hammadi, 44. Last year Hammadi excused himself for arriving late at an OPEC conference: "Sorry, I had to nationalize part of the Basrah Oil Company first...
...Israel struck back in a manner obviously intended to impress the Egyptians with a display of its capability, without exacerbating big-power fears of a new war. Tel Aviv announced that its commandos had penetrated deep into Egypt, cutting a power line and damaging a bridge and the Nag Hammadi dam 270 miles south of Cairo...
...commandos penetrated farther into enemy territory (140 miles) than they had ventured even during the war. Then the force split into three groups. One squad assaulted the bridge at Qena (pop. 40,000), a $5,000,000 span completed only this year. Another attacked the bridge-dam at Nag Hammadi (pop. 20,000), whose lock controls the flow of water for irrigating upper-valley sugarcane fields. The third hit the nearby Nag Hammadi electric power station, one of the four major relay points between Cairo and the Aswan Dam. A short time later, all three units were lifted back...