Word: hanihara
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...consequence of anti-Japanese utterances in the House and the retention of the Japanese Exclusion feature, Section 12 (b) of the Johnson Immigration Bill, Masanao Hanihara, Japanese Ambassador to the U. S., protested to Secretary of State Hughes. The correspondence was notable as eliciting concrete expression of the famous "Gentlemen's Agreement," negotiated by President Roosevelt with the Japanese Government in 1908, in lieu of specific Japanese exclusion legislation...
...terms of the Gentlemen's Agreement, as stated by Mr. Hanihara and confirmed by Secretary Hughes...
Secretary Hughes submitted the Hanihara correspondence to Senator Colt, Chairman of the Senate Immigration Committee. Its publication occasioned Senatorial thumpings, and oratorical flurries, including an effort from Senator Shortridge of California, who branded Hanihara's protest as a "spurious, verbose communication, unfounded on fact," Ex-Senator Phelan of California issued a statement demanding that the United States rescind the Gentlemen's Agreement and regulate its own immigration laws rather than delegate this authority to another country. He was supported by the American Legion, the National Grange, the American Federation of Labor, and the Native Sons of the Golden...
Unfortunately for him, the chief effect of Mr. Hanihara's note was to alienate the Senators who had previously been the best friends of the "Gentlemen's Agreement...
...change of heart of Senator Reed of Pennsylvania was typical. He had been in favor of leaving the Japanese question entirely out of the immigration bill and continuing the "Gentlemen's Agreement." But after reading Mr. Hanihara's letter to Secretary Hughes threatening "grave consequences," Senator Reed refused to submit to dictation from a foreign diplomat, and declared himself now in favor of the clause excluding Japanese, and of the abandonment of the "Gentlemen's Agreement...