Word: hanoi
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Dates: during 1970-1979
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Then came Viet Nam's lightning conquest of Cambodia. Within a month of its full-scale invasion on Christmas Day, pro-Hanoi insurgents backed by Vietnamese regulars routed the barbarous China-supported Khmer Rouge regime of Pol Pot. Few international tears were shed as Pol Pot and the straggling remnants of his army were driven into western jungle pockets. From these redoubts, the Khmer Rouge has carried on vigorous resistance against the new regime, a pro-Vietnamese government headed by a former Khmer Rouge defector, Heng Samrin, and propped up by an estimated 130,000 Vietnamese troops. For China...
Irate at the maltreatment of the Chinese, Peking?which had provided Hanoi with an estimated $14 billion in aid over the past two decades?abruptly cut off 21 current assistance projects. In June, as the last Chinese aid technicians went home, Hanoi yielded to longstanding Soviet blandishments and formally jumped into Moscow's economic orbit as a member of the Communist trade alliance, COMECON...
...November Moscow and Hanoi formalized their alliance in a 25-year Soviet-Vietnamese treaty of friendship, which was signed with much ceremony in Moscow by Leonid Brezhnev, Premier Aleksei Kosygin and the Vietnamese Communist Party head, Le Duan, as well as Premier Pham Van Dong. Inside the usual bouquet of trade and cultural agreements there was no mistaking the glaring military nutshell: an ambiguous degree of mutual defense, to the extent of "consultations and appropriate effective measures to ensure the peace and security of their countries." For Peking the treaty was a stinging political rebuke...
Tension mounted meanwhile along the border with Viet Nam. China alleged that Hanoi's troops had intruded into its territory on 1,100 different occasions. Viet Nam accused China of almost daily incursions. Charges and countercharges enlivened every artillery barrage and exchange of small-arms fire, not to mention kidnaping, livestock rustling and planting of poisoned bamboo stakes. In its loud political buildup to the invasion, China underscored the border aggravations to anyone who would listen?at the U.N., in diplomatic exchanges, and in a shower of communiques. Peking also claimed that Viet Nam was mobilizing for war by drafting...
...minus one, Pham Van Dong, Army Chief of Staff General Van Tien Dung and other Cabinet members flew to Phnom-Penh to sign a friendship treaty with the new Heng Samrin regime. The absence of Viet Nam's top officialdom from Hanoi may have helped determine the timing of Peking's attack...