Word: hausa
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Dates: during 1990-1999
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...minister, although he campaigned against Obasanjo on the grounds of the general's links with the military. The deeper issue may be tribal: Falae and Obasanjo are both members of the Christian Yoruba tribe from the southwest, but Obasanjo has the backing of much of the north, the Muslim Hausa-Fulani elite who run the military. The Yoruba and the southeastern Igbo people are bitterly resentful that successive military governments have plundered the wealth derived from the rich oil fields of the impoverished south...
...Nigeria to push for democratic reforms when he had trouble breathing and collapsed. Ninety minutes later, he died in a military hospital. The mystery of his death touched off riots in Lagos and other southwestern cities that left at least 55 dead as his fellow Yorubas took revenge on Hausa northerners, the ethnic group that dominates the military regime. Angry youths set fires and barricaded the streets of Lagos, battling police and soldiers. Though the doctors attending him said Abiola appeared to have died from a heart attack, some of his relatives immediately charged that he had been poisoned...
...Abiola, once close to the military rulers, had bridged the gulf between the northern Hausa group (which dominates the military) and the Ibo and Yoruba groups that populate the wealthier southern regions. His loss leaves a void of candidates that could unite the fractious electorate of Africa's most populous nation in October's scheduled poll...
...soldiers -- who have ruled the country for 23 of its 33 years of independence -- for diminishing the Nigerian soul. Endemic corruption; the narrowing opportunities in the country that once held out so much promise; the exploitation of bitter rivalries among the three largest ethnic groups, the Yoruba, Ibo and Hausa-Fulani -- all have sapped the nation's resources, its cohesion, its confidence. Instead of building a nation, the democrats charge, the soldiers have prevented it from being born. Says Didi Adodo, a labor leader: "The colonialists did not do as much damage to the Nigerian psyche as Babangida...
...unlike the popular uprisings that forced Philippine President Ferdinand Marcos into exile and brought down the Berlin Wall. Rebellious Nigerians face a government willing to use force to keep itself alive. Anonymous circulars warning of tribal violence among the nation's three largest ethnic groups -- Yoruba, Ibo and Hausa -- appeared in Lagos' crowded slums, setting off a massive exodus. Those with means sent their families out of the country. The poor, the overwhelming majority, sent their children to home villages in the countryside. State security officers and riot police & rounded up human-rights leaders and interrogated them. False reports...