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...Framingham score is a decades-old tool established by a landmark study that began in 1948 (and continues today), which identified seven major predictors of heart disease - older age, diabetes, smoking, high blood pressure, high total cholesterol, low HDL cholesterol and a BMI in the overweight or obese range. The Reynolds score is a more recent screen that uses the Framingham risk factors as a base and adds another, inflammation, which in recent studies has been linked to an increased risk of heart disease. (See the 50 best inventions...
...diet were able to control their blood sugar without medication, compared with 30% of those on the low-fat regimen. The Mediterranean dieters were also able to maintain slightly more weight loss than the low-fat group - 8.4 lb. vs. 7.1 lb. - and showed small improvements in triglyceride and HDL cholesterol (the good kind) levels, both risk factors for heart disease...
...black adults who developed heart disease early had at least one of four risk factors - high blood pressure, being overweight, chronic kidney disease or low levels of "good" cholesterol (high-density cholesterol, or HDL). Blood pressure and heart risk rose in step: for each 10 mm increase in diastolic blood pressure (the bottom number of the ratio), the risk of having heart failure in their 40s doubled. For each 5.7 increase in body mass index (BMI), a ratio of weight and height, the risk of developing heart failure increased by 40%. And each 13.3 mg/dL drop in HDL levels also...
...after two years, average weight loss was about 9 lb. Only about 15% of participants were able to lose 10% of their body weight or more. Across the board, however, patients lowered their risk of diabetes and reduced blood levels of bad cholesterol (LDL) while increasing good cholesterol (HDL) and overall heart health...
...that's the case, it would add to the growing list of statins' unexpected benefits. Initially the drugs were designed to inhibit the liver's ability to make cholesterol, but it turned out that they not only lowered LDL, but raised levels of HDL, or good cholesterol, in the blood as well. In the early 2000s, researchers reported that statins also reduced inflammation, a process that appears to contribute to the rupture of unstable plaques in the heart vessels, which triggers heart attack...