Word: heat
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Dates: during 1950-1959
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These "Lilliputian stars" do not glow like regular stars; the pressure and temperature inside them are not high enough to support the thermonuclear reactions that keep stars hot. But they need not be cold. "The heat to support life," said Shapley, "would come from their interiors, and they would not be dependent on a sun as we are. In such bodies, radioactive thorium or potassium might provide a source of energy...
...weight on a bikelike device. Each was whirled for 3½ minutes in a centrifuge speeding at various angles that simulated pressures up to twelve times the pull of gravity, placed for one hour in a pressure chamber at a simulated altitude of 65,000 ft., then in a heat chamber (temperature: 130°F.) for two hours. Each was bombarded with a cacophony of piercing noises and incredible high-frequency sounds, also shut into a dark, soundproof room for three hours to measure his adaptability to isolation. Before, during, and after these tests came perhaps the most thorough physical...
...ground will cause his small retrorockets to fire, thereby reducing the speed and causing the vehicle to plunge. It will crash into the earth's atmosphere like a stone into water, creating a sudden shock to both vehicle and man. The forward parts of the vehicle will be heated to an extremely high level. The heat will not reach the man, protected by a heat shield...
...scientists have dreamed of converting nuclear energy directly into electricity. The potential is clear from a simple statistic: a single pound of uranium 235 has the same fuel energy as 1,500 Ibs. of coal. But present atomic power plants must go through costly intermediate steps: nuclear fission produces heat, the heat is used to generate steam, the steam drives a turbine, the turbine generates the electricity...
...that contains liquid cesium. The uranium is enriched with U-235. Around the cesium is a circulating coolant (see diagram). When the device is lowered inside a reactor, the uranium is bombarded by the neutrons generated by the reactor, causing the U-235 to fission and give off intense heat...