Word: heimwehr
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Maintaining friendly relations with Hungary was important, but what Engelbert Dollfuss apparently went to Budapest for was to allow Vice Chancellor Emil Fey to perform a few blunt maneuvers for which Chancellor Dollfuss did not care to be directly responsible. The Heimwehr, fist of the Dollfuss regime, had seized virtual control of the Tyrol and was loudly demanding that the little Chancellor live up to his promise to end parliamentary government and attack Marxism in Austria (TIME, Feb. 12). Chancellor Dollfuss departed for Budapest and handed extraordinary powers to Vice Chancellor Fey, the Heimwehr's second in command...
...bombs to wreck a good section of the city. The Farmers' Party sent a vigorous protest which was promptly suppressed. When Chancellor Dollfuss reappeared in Vienna, he was ready at last to commit himself. Assured of French support (see p. 16), he boldly called the Socialists by their Heimwehr tag, "Marxist-Bolshevists," patted the Heimwehr on the back for "demanding the rapid execution of my program for getting rid of the parties and Parliament...
...very nature excludes any other sort of political development. Consequently, the violent denunciation of Dollfuss's own party, the Christian Socialists, which has just been made by Prince Starhemberg, can come as no surprise to him, for when he resolved to crush the Socialists with the aid of the Heimwehr, he must have known that he could not temporize or adopt any half measures, that he must accept the Fascist doctrine in toto. One may, accordingly, look for the disappearance of Dollfuss's party in the near future; and, I think that it is also extremely likely that Dollfuss himself...
...inevitable outbreak of hostilities between the Dolifuss brand of Fascism and the Socialists in Austria has come with unusual violence. The tragic side in the situation is the destruction of the Socialist machine in the city of Vienna by the Heimwehr troops, for it signifies more than merely the end of another Socialist party; it is the finish of one of the most ambitious and successful attempts to found a society which was in every sense of the word progressive, and which represented the furthest advance yet made in improving the general condition of a whole people. In a city...
Somebody has defined tragedy as the collision of two goods--or of two forces actuated by the best of motives. Such as the tragedy of Vienna; for the Heimwehr can hardly be held responsible for its actions. For them it is a case of crush the Socialists or perish when Germany feels strong enough to overwhelm Austria; if Dolifuss is able to unite his country behind him, his chances of resisting Germany will, of course, be enormously improved. But they will still be so dubious that he will have no alternative but to seek aid abroad...