Word: hemoglobin
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Dates: during 1970-1979
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Carbon monoxide (CO) produces its poisonous effect by crowding out oxygen molecules that normally attach themselves, in the lungs, to the hemoglobin molecules in red blood cells. By a malign quirk of nature, CO has an affinity for hemoglobin more than 200 times as great as that of oxygen. Thus too much carbon monoxide starves the body of oxygen, causing illness and sometimes death-as in the case of the suicide who runs a hose from the engine exhaust to the inside of his car. But how many Americans are inhaling an excessive amount...
...decided to measure the concentrations of CO in the blood of 29,000 donors at blood centers in 18 areas of the U.S. They accepted as the danger threshold the one laid down by the Environmental Protection Agency under the Clean Air Act: a 1.5% concentration of car boxy hemoglobin (COHb)-the proportion of the body's oxygen-transport system that has been usurped by CO. Nonsmokers breathing pure air, they found, had a natural concentration...
...Each transfusion took about three hours, and Joe's help was essential. Platelets have to be matched and blood relatives are a reliable source. Stew joked that he had become more conservative since 'getting so many of Joe's elderly platelets.' He got transfusions of hemoglobin from other donors. 'It makes you feel better at once. It's better than two martinis...
...Linda Chiarello, 16, of New Providence, N.J., have different interests and career ambitions, the two earnest high school students also have something in common: a life-threatening genetic defect. Both suffer from Cooley's anemia (thalassemia major), a hereditary blood disease resulting in deficient synthesis of hemoglobin, the oxygen-carrying component of blood. Their condition causes cardiac and other complications that kill most of its victims in their teen-age years. The pale, often undersized youngsters may have bone deformities and enlarged spleens and livers; they tire easily and frequently miss school...
Inhaled carbon monoxide, in smokers and nonsmokers alike, enters the bloodstream through the inner surface of the lungs, competing with oxygen in the process. The result is that the hemoglobin of the red blood cells carries less oxygen than normal, plus a load of the poisonous carboxyhemo-globin. Cigar smoke presents a hazard similar to that from cigarettes...