Word: hemoglobin
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Perutz and his associate at Cambridge University's medical research council unit for molecular biology--John F. Kendrew--shared the award for their work on the three-dimensional structure of hemoglobin and myoglobin...
...determination of the molecular structure of the two oxygen-carriers ranks as one of the most spectacular achievements of molecular biology. Perutz' picture of the "architecture" of hemoglobin, the protein of red blood cells, represents almost 25 years of intensive research and was made possible by his discovery of a new experimental method of X-ray analysis...
...principle is deceptively simple. Little oxygen is normally dissolved in the fluid portion of the blood, which relies on the hemoglobin in its red cells to carry oxygen, in a loosely combined form, to all the body's tissues. Dr. Boerema learned from animal experiments and his gas gangrene patients that it matters little during an operation whether the amount of oxygen carried by hemoglobin is increased: what counts is that under high pressure the watery part of the blood dissolves a considerable amount of gas. In Dr. Boerema's operations, that gas is life-saving oxygen...
From the Marrow. For at least two years, Mrs. Roosevelt had been anemic. Doctors established that her bone marrow was not producing enough blood cells, but why this was they had no idea. Each time her hemoglobin and hematocrit (red-cell concentration) readings fell alarmingly low, a blood transfusion lifted them above the danger level. Early this year, she was put on a regular dosage of cortisone-type hormones. This treatment carried the risk of reducing her resistance to infections. Not surprisingly, Mrs. Roosevelt began to run a fever. Nobody knew what was causing it. The common everyday infections, from...
...week were British Scientists Dr. John Cowdery Kendrew, 45, and Dr. Max Ferdinand Perutz, 48, of Cambridge's Laboratory of Molecular Biology, who shared the Nobel award for chemistry. After involved experiments using X rays, Perutz and Kendrew mapped the complex three-dimension architecture of two protein molecules-hemoglobin, which carries oxygen in the blood, and myoglobin, which delivers oxygen to muscles. This achievement is an important early step toward a more complete understanding of proteins, the building blocks of all life...