Word: heparin
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...lessen the chances of clots after the five-hour implant operation, doctors gave Drummond low doses of heparin, an anticoagulant; they also lowered the air pressure that drives the mechanical heart to ensure a gentler blood flow and thus reduce the turbulence that damages red blood cells. Unfortunately, the strategy failed to work. But by week's end Drummond had a human heart and was in critical but stable condition...
...Banting's theory that the then fatal disease diabetes could be treated with a hormone from an animal pancreas. Holed up eight weeks in their lab, the two isolated insulin. Best later devised a method of drying and storing blood serum and pioneered development of the drugs histamine, heparin and choline...
Hematologists have long sought ways to prevent the formation of dangerous and possibly fatal blood clots. First there was heparin, extracted from the livers and lungs of beef cattle. Then came coumarins, made from rotted sweet clover. Now some British researchers believe they have found what they want in the venom of a Malayan pit viper, close kin to American rattlesnakes...
...trouble with heparin and some other anticoagulants is that they not only prevent clotting, but may overshoot the mark and make a patient liable to hemorrhage. Doctors in Malaya, treating victims of pit viper bites, noticed that they never seemed to have trouble with clots, and neither did they bleed excessively. Years of research to purify the active part of the venom yielded a substance named Arvin by London's Twyford Laboratories. Now, reports in the Lancet testify to the potential of Arvin, given intravenously...
...avoid the danger of clotting, the surgeons injected the anticoagulant heparin into the plastic tube leading blood away from the patient. But before it got back into the patient, where the clotting factor was necessary once more, the doctors gave it another injection, this time of protamine, to counteract the heparin...