Word: hertzog
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Always at heart a moderate, General Hertzog found himself in uneasy company. The extreme nationalists had gone in for religious racism. They had celebrated the centenary of the Great Trek hysterically for a whole year, touring the backveld from town to town in ox wagons. Anyone who didn't grow a voortreker (pioneer) beard was an "outlander" or a traitor. A synagogue was dynamited, and George VI's message to the final jamboree was read in Afrikaans. A hangover from this emotional bender was the growth of the Ossewa Brandwag (Ox-Wagon Fireguard), an Afrikaans cultural organization specializing...
...greatest Boer leaders have been two of that war's generals, now white-bearded ancients, Jan Christiaan Smuts and James Barry Munnik Hertzog. For four decades these two have stood as figureheads for the Union's divergent political ideals: Smuts for a dominion umbilically tied to Britain, Hertzog for "South Africa First." Neither wanted independence, and when in 1933 a vocal minority was yelping for a republic the generals got together. Prime Minister Hertzog joined his Nationalists with Smuts's South Africa Party, made Smuts his Deputy Prime Minister...
...centrifugal force of World War II split them sharply apart. In September 1939 Hertzog's proposal of neutrality was defeated; Smuts became Prime Minister and the South African Parliament declared war on Germany, 80-67. General Hertzog became leader of the Reunited Nationalist Party...
Moving daily further from the fire brands of the Reunited Nationalists, General Hertzog first declared openly against Germany, then in November left the party flat, taking many supporters, mostly oldsters, with him. Last week those supporters formed the Afrikaner Party, to follow Hertzog's anti-German foreign policy...
Benign-looking old General James Barry Munnik Hertzog resigned as Prime Minister of South Africa at war's outbreak because Parliament rejected his proposal to keep the Union neutral. Last month he resigned as leader of the Reunited Nationalist Party because the party rejected his program of independence for the Union. Last week, no longer a voice but only a squeak in South African politics, 74-year-old General Hertzog resigned his seat in Parliament, retired from politics to devote the rest of his life to "loyal service to the people...