Word: heu
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Dates: during 2010-2019
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Uranium for Free For the past 14 years, U.S. teams like the one in Chile have been engaged in a race against terrorists to gain control of the global supply of HEU - the compound from which a nuclear bomb can be most easily fabricated. President Barack Obama has said preventing terrorists from obtaining an atomic weapon is his Administration's top national-security priority, and last year he vowed that the U.S. would secure all vulnerable nuclear material within four years. On April 12, in one of the year's most important international meetings, Obama will host more than...
...came to find itself in Chile is the result of one of the great gambits of the 20th century. In the mid-1950s, as the international community became seriously concerned about nuclear proliferation, states that had nuclear weapons offered the world a bargain: they would give countries HEU in exchange for an inspection regime that could verify it would be used only for peaceful research and not weapons. Atoms for Peace, as the U.S. called the program, became the founding principle of the International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) and, later, the Nuclear Nonproliferation Treaty of 1968. Chile received HEU from...
...told, over several decades, the five permanent members of the U.N. Security Council distributed some 44,000 lbs. (20,000 kg) of HEU - enough for 800 nuclear weapons - to around 50 countries as diverse as Australia, Jamaica and Vietnam. Although that figure is a drop in the bucket compared with the estimated 4.4 million lbs. (2 million kg) of HEU in weapons and storage in the U.S. and Russia, the Atoms for Peace HEU is of particular concern because it is used in civilian reactors that are often poorly guarded and vulnerable to theft. As William Potter, director...
...Bieniawski's job to convince countries to give up their HEU and send it to either the U.S. or Russia. So far, the NNSA has removed a total of 5,935 lbs. (2,692 kg) of fissile material from 37 countries and has its sights on 4,190 lbs. (1,900 kg) more. To meet that goal, Obama has asked for the program's budget to be increased by 67% percent to $560 million next year. But many countries see HEU-fueled research reactors as symbols of prestige and don't necessarily share U.S. and Russian concern that fissile material...
...Bieniawski says his mission is to help overcome these obstacles by "schmoozing for my country," at which he is pretty good. (Once, he sweet-talked leaders from an African nation with HEU stocks by calling on their shared African heritage; although raised and educated in America, he was born to white parents in South Africa.) When he is unable to convince or pay countries to give up their HEU, Bieniawski offers to upgrade security around their material. That mission gained urgency in November 2007, when two teams of armed attackers stormed Pelindaba, a supposedly secure facility that houses hundreds...