Word: high
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Dates: during 1970-1979
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...their purse strings. So the longest, most sustained economic advance in U.S. peacetime history is rapidly coming to an end. As the nation heads toward its second energy-fueled recession in the past five years, the Carter Administration seems adrift and out of ideas for fighting back. Said a high Administration official: "The goddam economy is coming apart at the seams. And look at our program...
...meet, vast deposits of shale hold an estimated 1.8 trillion bbl. of oil, roughly 60 times the nation's proven reserves of liquid petroleum. Shale is a hard rock, light gray to charcoal in color, that contains a solid organic material called kerogen. When heated to temperatures as high as 900° F, it breaks down into oil and gas. The richest shale deposits yield up to 2 bbl. of oil per ton. Not all shale is recoverable, but it could contribute up to 300,000 bbl. of oil a day by 1990 and much more later...
...heavily polluting. One solution: convert it into gas or oil. Neither idea is new; London's street lights last century were powered by coal gas, and during World War II Germany fueled its planes and tanks with coal oil. The conversion involves heating the coal to very high temperatures under high pressure so that it decomposes and gives off oils, carbon monoxide and hydrogen gases, which then have to be passed through a catalyst and cleaned of impurities...
Since dams have already been built on most commercially promising sites around the nation that have steep drops as well as fast and large river flows, the greatest enthusiasm now is for the restoration of "low head" dams (less than 65 ft. high) to supply power to local communities and industries. The New England Congressional Caucus, a group of the area's federal representatives, puts the potential regional saving from new dams at up to 19 million bbl. of oil a year, or as much as the U.S. uses...
Tidal power is being generated in small quantities in France and the Soviet Union. Long, low dams are built at estuaries, where the tidal rise and fall is large. The dams capture the water at high tide and let it run out through turbines at low tide. The catch is that power is generated only twice...