Word: hindutva
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Dates: during 1990-1999
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...blatant non-intervention in anti-Sikh violence in the 1984 Punjab reprisal and anti-Muslim violence in the 1992 Bombay riots are ample evidence. The incidence of communal violence has actually gone down in the states where Hindu nationalism has replaced the hypocritical "secularism" of Congress. This is because "Hindutva," while being a more Hindu-centric view, most definitely does not entail oppression of minorities but rather just and equal treatment of all citizens irrespective of religion. Moreover, democracy will force Hindu nationalism to assume a more moderate, centrist stance as it gains power...
...grounds its answer in "Hindutva," a Hindu cultural nationalism that reeks of exclusion and oppression of India's myriad religious minorities. Muslims constitute 11 percent of the Indian population, Christians 3 percent and Sikhs 2 percent. The BJP's ideology was indelibly inscribed onto the Indian landscape in 1992, when Hindu nationalists demolished a mosque that stood upon the mythological birthplace of a Hindu god. The act was a symbolic repudiation of the syncretistic history of Indian culture...
...presents a monolithic picture of Hinduism, when in reality Hinduism is intensely variegated across regions, castes and classes. The BJP's conception of Hinduism not only obscures the religion's tolerant beauty, but also has dire political consequences: by ignoring caste inequalities in deference to a larger Hindu-ness, "Hindutva" potentially legitimizes those inequalities, rather than attempting to mitigate them through social policies...
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