Word: histadrut
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...does the professor at Jerusalem's Hebrew University, the orange picker in the kibbutz and the housewife in Haifa. Israel's Prime Minister Levi Eshkol and most of his Cabinet are card-carrying, dues-paying members. All are enrolled in an extraordinary organization called the Histadrut, Israel's huge and powerful 900,000-member labor federation...
...Histadrut, literally "the organization," is really far more than a union: it is big business. Through a holding company, Hevrat Ovdim, it controls 2,000 Israeli businesses and farm cooperatives, employs a quarter of Israel's 800,000 wage earners, grows 75% of the country's food and accounts for 26% of Israel's $2.3 billion gross national product. Last week it announced that it will form its own manufacturers association to compete with a similar association now operating for industry...
...after his coalition Cabinet had exonerated former Defense Minister Pinhas La von of responsibility for a 1954 security scandal (TIME, Nov. 7). After pushing through his seventh resignation from the post of Prime Minister, Ben-Gurion forced his Mapai Party to dismiss Lavon as secretary-general of the powerful Histadrut labor federation. The vendetta promised to provide plenty of campaign fireworks. Instead, there was a closing of Mapai ranks. Ben-Gurion refused to discuss the Lavon case on the hustings. And Lavon himself, instead of campaigning against Ben-Gurion, simply faded from the scene by taking a long vacation...
...Israeli Cabinet cleared Lavon of any responsibility. Furious at this disregard of his opinion, Ben-Gurion resigned as Prime Minister, forced his Mapai Party to choose between himself and Lavon. The party's central committee swiftly capitulated, booted Lavon out of his job as secretary-general of Histadrut, the potent Israeli labor federation. But audiences in Israeli movie houses booed news films of Ben-Gurion, cheered those of Lavon. Nevertheless, last week Ben-Gurion was prepared to resume his post as Prime Minister when he was disconcertingly balked: four of the six minority parties of his coalition flatly refused...
...issue was not long in doubt. After a few days of nervous consultations, the Mapai central committee voted 149 to 96 to boot Lavon out of his job as secretary-general of Histadrut, the powerful labor federation that he had used as his base of power. Happily, Ben-Gurion turned his thoughts to a new Cabinet that would probably include most of the now chas tened politicians who had dared oppose him on Lavon. The outcome represented something less than judicial fairness to Lavon, who may now bolt the party and try to fight Ben-Gurion on the stump...